A crucial strategy in managing chronic hepatitis B (CHB) is the early identification and treatment of the disease to avoid complications such as cirrhosis and hepatocellular cancer. Determining fibrosis necessitates the invasive, complex, and costly diagnostic method of liver biopsy, which serves as the gold standard. To determine the predictive value of these tests for liver fibrosis and treatment strategy was the purpose of this investigation.
The Gastroenterology Department of Gaziantep University performed a retrospective evaluation of 1051 patients with a diagnosis of CHB, spanning the period from 2010 to 2020. At the time of initial diagnosis, the AAR, API, APRI, FIB-4, KING score, and FIBROQ score were determined. The Zeugma score, a new formula purported to be more sensitive and specific, was identified. Biopsy findings were used to assess the equivalence of noninvasive fibrosis scores.
This study observed area under the curve values of 0.648 for API, 0.711 for APRI, 0.716 for FIB-4, 0.723 for KING, 0.595 for FIBROQ, and 0.701 for Zeugma (p < 0.005). The AAR score showed no statistically meaningful change. The KING, FIB-4, APRI, and Zeugma scores emerged as the most reliable indicators of advanced fibrosis. For the prediction of advanced fibrosis, the cutoff values for KING, FIB-4, APRI, and Zeugma scores were 867, 094, 1624, and 963, respectively. Corresponding sensitivities were 5052%, 5677%, 5964%, and 5234%, and specificities 8726%, 7496%, 7361%, and 7811%, respectively (p<0.005). We assessed the correlation between globulin and GGT levels and fibrosis, as measured by the Zeugma score. The fibrosis group exhibited significantly elevated globulin and GGT mean values (p<0.05). A statistical significance was found in the correlation between fibrosis and globulin, and independently between fibrosis and GGT values, with respective p-values less than 0.005 and correlation coefficients of 0.230 and 0.305.
The noninvasive detection of hepatic fibrosis in chronic HBV patients was found to be most reliably performed utilizing the KING score. The FIB-4, APRI, and Zeugma scores demonstrated their efficacy in assessing liver fibrosis. Studies have established that hepatic fibrosis detection requires more than simply assessing the AAR score. selleck kinase inhibitor The Zeugma score, a novel and noninvasive tool for the assessment of liver fibrosis in chronic HBV patients, offers enhanced accuracy over AAR, API, and FIBROQ, demonstrating a simple and useful application.
A study revealed that the KING score is the most trustworthy method for non-invasive detection of hepatic fibrosis in individuals with chronic HBV. Liver fibrosis assessment was also found to be aided by the FIB-4, APRI, and Zeugma scores. Further research confirmed that the AAR score's diagnostic value was insufficient for hepatic fibrosis. The Zeugma score, a novel and straightforward noninvasive test, is useful for evaluating liver fibrosis in patients with chronic HBV, showing better accuracy than the AAR, API, and FIBROQ tests.

Idiopathic non-cirrhotic portal hypertension (INCPH), also termed heptoportal sclerosis (HPS), displays clinical features including hypersplenism, portal hypertension, and splenomegaly. The most frequent manifestation of liver cancer is hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). In exceedingly uncommon cases, non-cirrhotic portal hypertension is a contributing factor to the onset of hepatocellular carcinoma. Our hospital received a referral for a 36-year-old female with esophageal varices. Every serological test performed to establish the cause of the issue returned a negative result. Serum ceruloplasmin and serum immunoglobulin levels (IgA, IgM, IgG) were within the normal limits. A triple-phase computer scan, part of the follow-up, identified two liver lesions. Lesions exhibited arterial enhancement, but no venous washout was detected. During the magnetic resonance imaging procedure, a lesion exhibited characteristics suggestive of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The pioneering use of radiofrequency ablation therapy involved a patient who had not experienced any evidence of metastasis. The patient was subjected to a living-donor liver transplant, all within the confines of two months. Well-differentiated hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and hepatic progenitor cell sarcoma (HPS) were identified in explant pathology studies as the underlying causes of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension. The patient's progress over three years was marked by an absence of any relapse or return of the condition. The development of HCC in INCPH patients is yet to be definitively established. Although nodular regenerative hyperplasia liver samples exhibit liver cell atypia and pleomorphism, the connection between hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and nodular regenerative hyperplasia (NRH) remains uncertain.

The prevention of hepatitis B virus (HBV) reinfection plays a significant role in the long-term success of liver transplantation. Among those needing Hepatitis B immunoglobulin (HBIG), there are (i) individuals with established hepatitis B (HBV) infection, (ii) individuals exhibiting positive hepatitis B core antibodies (HBcAb), and (iii) recipients of organs that tested positive for HBcAb. Emerging as a treatment option for patients in this setting is nucleo(s)tide analogue (NA) monotherapy. Concerning the appropriate amount of HBIG, no conclusive consensus exists. This study's objective was to determine the efficacy of 1560 international units [IU] of low-dose HBIG in precluding hepatitis B virus infections subsequent to liver transplantation.
A review was conducted of HBcAb-positive recipients who received either HBcAb-positive or hepatitis B core antibody-negative (HBcAb-negative) organs, and HBcAb-negative recipients who received HBcAb-positive organs, spanning the period from January 2016 to December 2020. Pre-LT hepatitis B virus serologies were collected. Nucleotides/nucleoside analogues (NAs) were a key component of the hepatitis B virus (HBV) prophylaxis protocol, with the possible inclusion of hepatitis B immune globulin (HBIG). HBV deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) positivity, observed within the first year after liver transplantation (LT), signified HBV recurrence. No monitoring of HBV surface antibody titers was conducted.
The study encompassed a total of 103 patients, with a median age of 60 years. Hepatitis C virus was the primary causative agent. Of the recipients, 37 lacked HBcAb, while 11 possessed HBcAb and had undetectable HBV DNA levels. They all received HBcAb-positive organs, and underwent prophylaxis with four doses of low-dose HBIG and NA. There were no cases of HBV recurrence among the recipients in our cohort at the one-year follow-up.
A 4-day regimen of low-dose HBIG (1560 IU) appears to be effective in preventing HBV reinfection in HBcAb-positive recipients and donors, alongside NA, following liver transplantation. To confirm this finding, further experimentation is required.
HBV reinfection prevention, during the post-LT period, appears effective when HBcAb-positive recipients and donors are treated with a four-day regimen of low-dose HBIG (1560 IU) and NA. Further research is needed to corroborate this observation.

Chronic liver disease (CLD) is a significant cause of illness and death across the world, with a diverse array of origins. Analyzing the liver's characteristics through FibroScan.
To assess the evolution of fibrosis and steatosis, this is employed. This single-center study seeks to meticulously review the spread of FibroScan indication justifications for referral.
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CLD etiologies, demographic characteristics, and FibroScan findings are significant facets to consider in comprehensive analyses.
The parameters of patients who were sent to our tertiary care center between 2013 and 2021 were evaluated using a retrospective method.
Within a group of 9345 patients, 4946 (representing 52.93% of the total) were male, and the median age was 48 years, with ages ranging from 18 to 88 years. Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) was the leading indication, comprising 4768 (51.02%) of the total. Hepatitis B was the second most frequent, totaling 3194 (34.18%) cases. Hepatitis C was the least frequent indication, with 707 (7.57%) cases. Analyzing the data, accounting for age, sex, and the cause of chronic liver disease (CLD), the study observed a higher risk of advanced liver fibrosis in individuals with older age (Odds Ratio (OR)=2908; Confidence Interval (CI)=2597-3256; p<0.0001), as well as those with hepatitis C (OR=2582; CI=2168-3075; p<0.0001), alcoholic liver disease (OR=2019; CI=1524-2674; p<0.0001), and autoimmune hepatitis (OR=2138; CI=1360-3660; p<0.0001) relative to those with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD).
In the majority of cases of FibroScan referral, NAFLD was the underlying condition.
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Referrals to FibroScan were overwhelmingly dominated by cases involving NAFLD.

The prevalence of metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is expected to be substantial among kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). This research explored the proportion of KTRs affected by MAFLD, a facet of KTR health hitherto unexplored in clinical trials.
Our prospective, consecutive recruitment strategy yielded a cohort of 52 KTRs and 53 age-, sex-, and BMI-matched controls. The presence of hepatic steatosis and liver fibrosis was determined via FibroScan's controlled attenuation parameter (CAP) and liver stiffness measurement (LSM).
A considerable portion of KTRs, namely 18 (346%), were diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. selleck kinase inhibitor The MAFLD prevalence amongst KTRs was 423%, contrasting with 519% observed in the control group (p=0.375). A lack of significant difference was noted between KTR and control groups in terms of CAP and LSM values (p=0.222 for CAP and p=0.119 for LSM). selleck kinase inhibitor Among KTR patients, those with MAFLD exhibited a statistically significant correlation with increased age, BMI, waist circumference, LDL, and total cholesterol levels (p<0.0001, p=0.0011, p=0.0033, p=0.0022, and p=0.0029, respectively). Multivariable analysis of the KTR cohort revealed that age was the sole independent variable predicting MAFLD, with an odds ratio of 1120 and a confidence interval of 1039 to 1208 (95%).
A significantly higher prevalence of MAFLD was not noted among KTRs in comparison to the general population. Further study of the clinical effect, utilizing a larger patient base, is needed.