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“Changes in cell density and cyst flux of Alexandrium tamarense, paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) toxin contents in shellfishes, and environmental parameters were measured in two stations in Daya Bay, South China Sea from March 2005 to July 2006. Vegetative cells of A. tamarense occurred sporadically; however, they presented abundantly during the winter months. Meanwhile, cyst flux reached its maximum level just Following the peak abundance of motile cells. The PSP contents in shellfish were generally low, but higher in winter with the maximum of 14,015 mu g SIX equiv./kg.

The majority of toxins were GANT61 found in digestive glands, with a maximum of 66,227 mu g STX equiv./kg. There were significant positive relationships between toxin level and vegetative cell density and cyst flux. This indicates that vegetative cells and

cysts. of Alexandrium significantly influenced PSP level, and could be an important source of PSP toxins in shellfish during winter. (C) 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights Ulixertinib reserved.”
“Ovaries from Rhode Island Red donors were transplanted orthotopically into White Leghorn recipients. At maturation, recipients were mated with Rhode Island Red roosters to test the origin of their ovaries, using plumage coloration as a marker. A chick with chimeric plumage coloration was produced, indicating mechanisms that produce follicles with both donor and recipient ovarian contents. This study suggests that ovarian transplantation could be useful for in vivo studies of cytological and molecular mechanisms involved

in avian folliculogenesis.”
“Background and Objective: Comparable data are sparse for inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system (CNS) in the Asia-Pacific region, and we aimed to establish a registry of patients with such diseases in the region. Methods: A network of neurologists in the Asia-Pacific Region was established to register patients with the targeted diseases. A standardized register form and relevant instructions in English, translated into the local GM6001 nmr language when needed, were prepared before the study start and used for data collection. Results: Eight study centres from different countries/areas participated in the study. In total, 857 patients with a validated diagnosis of different inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the CNS were registered, 591 females and 266 males with a female-to-male ratio 2.2. The mean age at onset for all patients was 35.9 (SD: 12.9) years, significantly younger (p = 0.010) for females (35.1 years, SD: 12.6 years) than for males (37.